First published as a mimeographed newsletter in 1981, Primate Conservation has become a full journal devoted to sharing information on the world's most threatened primates. Primate Conservation plays a central role in the publication of conservation research on primate species — in particular status surveys and studies on distribution, which are a fundamental component of conservation endeavor. Primate Conservation is also an ideal forum for longer articles, and has the flexibility to publish a variety of supporting materials such as color illustrations.

Primate Conservation is available in BioOne Complete through the 2015 volume. Current content is available on the journal's website.